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| = Setting up the toolchain and doing a build =
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| == Directory Structure ==
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| The base directory of your Openembedded environment (<nowiki>/stuff/</nowiki>) is the location where sources will be checked out (or unpacked).
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| * You must choose a location with '''no symlinks above it'''
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| * If you work in a chrooted environment it is highly recommended to 'su - <username>' after you have chrooted. Otherwise compilation may fail because ccache needs a valid <nowiki>$HOME</nowiki> - which is set when using a user account.
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| To create the directory structure:
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| <pre><nowiki>
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| $ mkdir -p /stuff/build/conf
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| $ cd /stuff/
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| </nowiki></pre>
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| == Obtaining BitBake ==
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| To start using OE, you must first obtain the build tool it needs: <nowiki>bitbake</nowiki>
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| It is recommended to run bitbake without installing it, as a sibling directory of <nowiki>openembedded/</nowiki> and <nowiki>build/</nowiki> directories. Indeed, as bitbake is written in python it does not need to be compiled. You'll just have to set the PATH variable so that the [[BitBake]] tools are accessible (see [[#Setup the environment|Setup the environment]] section).
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| ===Using packages===
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| There is a BitBake package available for more and more distros - see [[OEandYourDistro]].
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| ===Using releases=== | |
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| Visit [http://developer.berlios.de/projects/bitbake/ BitBake homepage] and download tarball with latest release. For normal usage we suggest using 1.8.x (stable branch) versions. Unpack it to '''/stuff/bitbake/'''.
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| == Obtaining OpenEmbedded using GIT ==
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| ''Note: ''Once upon a time OpenEmbedded was using Monotone for version control. If you have an OE Monotone repository on your computer, you should replace it with the Git repository.
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| ''Note: ''These are only brief instructions. For a longer description about using Git with OpenEmbedded refer to [[Git]] and [[GitPhraseBook]].
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| The OpenEmbedded project resides in a Git repository. You can find it at ''git://git.openembedded.org/openembedded''.
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| Web interface is: http://cgit.openembedded.org/
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| To obtain Openembedded:
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| # Install git
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| # Go to the base directory of your OpenEmbedded environment
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| $ cd /stuff/
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| # Checkout the repository
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| $ git clone git://git.openembedded.org/openembedded
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| or for the firewall challenged try
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| $ git clone http://repo.or.cz/r/openembedded.git
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| This is the data you'll be using for all the work.
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| === Updating OpenEmbedded ===
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| The .dev branch of OE is updated very frequently (as much as several times an hour). The distro branches are not updated as much but still fairly often. It seems good practice to update your OE tree at least daily. To do this, run
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| $ git pull | |
| (note: this must be done in the directory created by the checkout of openembedded. On this page, this directory is <tt>/stuff/openembedded</tt>, but my checkout generated a directory <tt>/stuff/openembedded</tt>. Check the name of your subdir, and use the name on your machine in the following examples)
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| == Create local configuration == | |
| It's now time to create your local configuration.
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| While you could copy the default local.conf.sample like that:
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| <pre><nowiki>
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| $ cd /stuff/
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| $ cp openembedded/conf/local.conf.sample build/conf/local.conf
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| $ vi build/conf/local.conf
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| </nowiki></pre>
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| It is actually recommended to start smaller and keep local.conf.sample in the background and add entries from there step-by-step as you understand and need them. Please, do not just edit build/conf/local.conf.sample but actually READ it (read it and then edit).
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| For building a .dev branch, in your <nowiki>local.conf</nowiki> file, you should have at least the following three entries. Example for the Angstrom distribution and the Openmoko gta01 machine:
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| <pre><nowiki> | |
| BBFILES = "/stuff/openembedded/recipes/*/*.bb"
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| DISTRO = "angstrom-2008.1"
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| MACHINE = "om-gta01"
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| </nowiki></pre>
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| If you choose to install OE in your home directory, modify local.conf to refer to the OE paths as /home/<username>/ rather than ~/. It does not find the *.bb packages otherwise.
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| == Setup the environment ==
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| One of the four command sets below will need to be run every time you open a terminal for development. (You can automate this in ~/.profile, /etc/profile, or perhaps use a script to set the necessary variables for using [[BitBake]].)
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| If you followed the recommendation above to use [[BitBake]] from svn:
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| <pre><nowiki> | |
| $ export BBPATH=/stuff/build:/stuff/openembedded
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| $ export PATH=/stuff/bitbake/bin:$PATH
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| </nowiki></pre>
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| If you installed [[BitBake]]:
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| <pre><nowiki> | |
| $ export BBPATH=/stuff/build:/stuff/openembedded
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| </nowiki></pre>
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| Alternative syntax for those using the tcsh shell (e.g FreeBSD):
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| <pre><nowiki>
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| $ setenv PATH "/stuff/bitbake/bin:"$PATH
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| $ setenv BBPATH "/stuff/build:/stuff/openembedded:"$BBPATH
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| </nowiki></pre>
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| == Start building ==
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| The primary interface to the build system is the <nowiki>bitbake</nowiki> command (see the bitbake users manual). <nowiki>bitbake</nowiki> will download and patch stuff from the network, so it helps if you are on a well connected machine.
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| Note that you should issue all bitbake commands from inside of the <nowiki>build/</nowiki> directory, or you should override TMPDIR to point elsewhere (by default it goes to <nowiki>tmp/</nowiki> relative to the directory you run the tools in).
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| Here are some example invocations:
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| Building a single package (e.g. nano):
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| <pre><nowiki>
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| $ bitbake nano
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| </nowiki></pre>
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| Building package sets (e.g. task-base):
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| <pre><nowiki>
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| $ bitbake task-base
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| </nowiki></pre>
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| ''Special note for'' <nowiki>task-base</nowiki>: you may need additional setup for building this very one task. More details in [[ZaurusKernels]]
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| Building a group of packages and deploying them into a rootfs image:
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| GPE:
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| <pre><nowiki>
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| $ bitbake x11-gpe-image
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| </nowiki></pre>
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| X11:
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| <pre><nowiki>
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| $ bitbake x11-image
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| </nowiki></pre>
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| OPIE:
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| <pre><nowiki>
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| $ bitbake opie-image
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| </nowiki></pre>
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| ('''NOTE:''' kergoth says it will take around 10GB of disk space to build an opie or gpe image for one architecture.<br>
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| sledge says: You can reduce it to ~4GB by [[Advanced_configuration|INHERIT += "rm_work"]])
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| ('''NOTE:''' if you are using your custom kernel - set "Use the ARM EABI to compile the kernel (AEABI)" option in "Kernel Features")
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| See the /stuff/openembedded/recipes/meta/ directory if you're curious about what meta/task and image targets exist.
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| Building every package in the repository ('''NOTE:''' This will take a ''very'' long time and needs approx. 35 GB disk space):
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| <pre><nowiki>
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| $ bitbake world
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| </nowiki></pre> | |
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| Building a single package, bypassing the long parse step (and therefore its dependencies--use with care):
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| <pre><nowiki>
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| $ bitbake -b /stuff/openembedded/recipes/blah/blah.bb
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| </nowiki></pre>
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| See [[Useful targets]] for a description of some of the more useful meta-packages. You will typically need at least one of the base images (<nowiki>bootstrap-image</nowiki>, <nowiki>opie-image</nowiki> or <nowiki>gpe-image</nowiki>), and if and only if you're building for an [http://wiki.openzaurus.org/Main_Page OpenZaurus] target requiring an installer image (such as C3000), an additional <nowiki>pivotboot-image</nowiki>.
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| Output of the build process (temporary files, log files and the binaries) all ends up in the <nowiki>tmp</nowiki> directory. Most interesting is probably the <nowiki>tmp/work/</nowiki> directory. Just have a look around the [[DirectoryStructure]].
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| Images generated by building package groups like <nowiki>opie-image</nowiki> or <nowiki>pivotboot-image</nowiki> are placed in the <nowiki>tmp/deploy/images/</nowiki> directory. Individual ipkg packages are put in <nowiki>tmp/deploy/ipk</nowiki>.
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| == Adding Packages ==
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| # Create [[bbfile]].
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| # Try building it locally.
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| # Fix eventual problems.
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| # Send .[[bbfile]] or an [[OePatch]] to the [http://wiki.openembedded.net/index.php/Mailing_Lists openembedded-devel mailing list]. Please note that changes should comply with the [[Commit_Policy | commit policy]].
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|
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|
| = Problems = | | = Problems = |
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Problems
Try to solve problems first by checking that you have done everything right, that nothing has changed from this description and that you have the latest code (see GitPhraseBook). Look also in the log file (referenced in any error message you will receive). If you still have problems, try checking PossibleFailures and common build errors.
Above links are dead, you can try the Category:FAQ. If problems persist, ask on IRC or in the openembedded mailing list.
The Openembedded metadata is changing constantly. This implies several things:
- Once you have a "known good" version that works well on your system, keep it! To update, clone a new copy; don't overwrite that working version until it's known to be safe.
- To resolve build problems, "git pull" is your good friend. Many times, the issues will already be fixed in the current tree.
- Not all metadata updates cause the local caches to update correctly. Sometimes you'll need to remove the ".../tmp" work directory and rebuild from scratch.
- Similar issues apply to the package sources you download.
Portability issues
Make sure to set TARGET_OS to something other than linux in local.conf if your host isn't linux.
GNU extensions to tools are often required. Symlink GNU patch, make, and cp (from fileutils), chmod, sed, find, tar, awk into your OE development path.
FreeBSD 4 users: Perl 5.0 is too old. A more recent perl must be available as /usr/bin/perl. Unfortunately just having more recent perl in the path isn't good enough. Some scripts are hard-coded for /usr/bin/perl. You can test for which perl you're using by typing perl -v. see /usr/ports/UPDATING for instructions on updating perl. Don't forget to do a use.perl port as instructed in /usr/ports/UPDATING
FreeBSD users: Set BUILD_OS in local.conf to freebsdN where N is your major version number. At least the cross gcc wants this.
FreeBSD users: The build process of glibc uses a very long command line at some places. Increase ARG_MAX to at least 131072, by editing /usr/sys/sys/syslimits.h and recompile your kernel (and reboot).
Productivity notes
Use the interactive bitbake mode ("bitbake -i") to speed up work when debugging or developing .bb files. Remember to run "parse" at the prompt first. Go!
If you want to save some compile time or are interested in additional tweaks to local.conf take a look at the Advanced configuration page.